For the AstraZeneca jab, it seems such side-effects are more common after the first shot. By signing up, you are consenting to receive electronic messages from Nebraska Medicine. If any of these side effects occur, they should go away in a few days. But, overall, the link between blood type, genes, and infection risk is a growing area of research. Laboratory tests 1 week later, as symptoms were resolving, showed >4 g/dL hemoglobin decrease from his baseline. In other words, the benefits of the jab far outweigh the risks. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. Please login or register first to view this content. designed and performed research; J.Y., B.A.Y.C., E.M.B., and S.C. interpreted results and edited the paper; R.A.B. Read said: We are a little baffled about this, but it may be due to the fact that the Oxford University/AstraZeneca vaccine has an adenovirus vector, which stimulates the immune system strongly in the first dose and less strongly in the second.. Most side-effects are mild and short-lived, and some groups are more likely to get them than others. Secondary outcome results indicated that type O blood group had an aRR of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.78-0.97) for severe COVID-19 illness and death versus all other blood groups and Rh- status had an aRR of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.680.96) compared to Rh+ status. In both trials, the most commonly reported side effects within a week of injection were: According to current FDA publications, there's also a chance that swelling may occur in lymph nodes within the same arm as the injection site. The data suggests that side-effects are more common among younger recipients. In November 2021 in The New England Journal of Medicine, he proposed that an autoimmune mechanism triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein might explain both Long Covid symptoms and some rare vaccine side effects, and he called for more basic research to probe possible connections. One theory is that antibodies may play a role. Women and younger adults tend to have more side effects than men or older adults do. Specifically, they sought out folks in the U.S. diagnosed and hospitalized with COVID-19. Wondering what to do with other vaccines? According the ZOE Covid symptom study released last month and looking only at the Pfizer jab, about a third of vaccine recipients who had previously had Covid reported having a whole-body side-effect (such as chills), compared with 19% of those who had not had Covid. Side effects may even feel like flu and might affect your ability to do daily. Ray JG, Schull MJ, Vermuelen MJ, Park A. receives research funding from Alexion. Zee Krstic is a health editor for Good Housekeeping, where he covers health and nutrition news, decodes diet and fitness trends and reviews the best products in the wellness aisle. Muscle aches. In addition, the risk of needing intubation was decreased among A and increased among AB and B types, compared with type O. You asked, we answered: Does vaccine herd immunity work? Data are shown as mean standard error of the mean of duplicate wells. Americans are learning more about the new set of bivalent COVID-19 booster vaccines made by teams at Pfizer and Moderna after officials at the .css-1me6ynq{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:#125C68;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#125C68;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-1me6ynq:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:#595959;}Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized its rollout earlier this month. Blood type may influence other infections, as well. 25 Carleton Street associate medical director of infection prevention at UCI Health and a professor at the University of California, Irvine, posits an analogy that this bivalent vaccine is like a riff on a standard brownie recipe: "You're going to have almost the same ingredients, and bake it for the same time at the same temperature but this time, instead of just chocolate chips, you add dark chocolate, too," she tells Good Housekeeping. Water (H2O) serves as a positive control. "Reassuring the public that everything is being done . In populations at high-risk for exposure, such as healthcare workers, essential workers, and people exposed to a known case of the disease, the O blood type had an even greater protective effect, reducing the risk of acquiring the virus by 19 percent. Your use of this website constitutes acceptance of Haymarket Medias Privacy Policy and Terms & Conditions. However, they did not find strong evidence for a relationship between blood group and risk of intubation or death. That means getting vaccinated and boosted, social distancing, wearing a mask in public, and washing your hands regularly, among other things. "We do know that people of all types can get infected with COVID-19," says cardiologist Daniel Anderson, MD, PhD. Lexington, MA 02421. These cases have been mild and self-resolving. Local Side Effects You may experience pain, redness, and swelling where you got the shot. "At the end of the day, we're still not sure if blood type makes a difference," said Dr. Russo. Information contained in this story may be outdated. MIT Medical answers your COVID-19 questions. Jason DelCollo, DO, is a board-certified medicine physician and associate faculty member at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine. Always speak with your physician or other healthcare professional before taking any medication or nutritional, herbal, or homeopathic supplement, or using any treatment for a health problem. The mean age was 53.8 years and 29% were men. MF 8 a.m. 8 p.m. Use our Culture Starter to keep home fermenting simple and safe. The most commonly reported reaction was a raised, sometimes itchy red rash, often at the site of the injection, which can occur up to a week or so after being vaccinated. But how? The aRR for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the O blood group was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.84-0.92) vs all other blood groups, and the ARD was -3.9 per 1,000 (95% CI, -5.4 to -2.5). Information on this website is provided for informational purposes only and is a result of years of practice and experience by the author. On the other hand, the frequency of blood group O was significantly lower in the COVID-19 patients, compared to the control group . Side effects after getting a COVID-19 vaccine can vary from person to person. However, for the Pfizer jab the reverse appears to be true. Investigators also suggested further research on how ABO status may moderate venous thromboembolism occurrence, a known complication of COVID-19, since blood group O patients have been associated with a decreased risk of venous thromboembolism in prior research. Conflict-of-interest disclosure: R.A.B. NIH 'Very Concerned' About Serious Side Effect in Coronavirus Vaccine Trial. Is this true? Notably, she took danicopan throughout her first vaccination and did not experience breakthrough hemolysis. My understanding is that people withTypeO blood are less susceptible than people with other blood types. Steam Room vs. Sauna: Which Is Better for You? The secondary outcome was severe COVID-19 illness or death. fatigue for 50% of the participants. EDTA added to serum serves as an inhibitor of hemolysis. It could be that antigens for people with type O blood block the spike protein in SARS-CoV-2, and keeps it from entering into your cells, said Dr. Russo. Is Paxlovid Still Effective Against New COVID Variants? But because reinfection is possible and COVID-19 can cause severe medical complications, it's recommended that people who have already had COVID-19 get a COVID-19 vaccine. The other common side-effects the muscle aches, flu-like illness and fatigue are probably due to generalised activation of the immune system caused by the vaccine. Gundry and Anderson and their collaborators have been collecting and studying blood and tissue samples for this collaborative research. It also can be potentially quite large and thus a bit unsettling. There's no need to worry about any of the flu-like symptoms. The authors of the NEJM study hypothesize that different combinations of A and B antigens may change how the immune system produces infection-fighting antibodies or have some other, unknown effect on how the body responds to infection. According to Australian data collected on the influenza vaccine in 2020, only 5.5% of people reported any adverse event, with just 0.3% being serious enough to see a doctor about. While it's not a hard-and-fast rule, CDC officers have made recommendations to Americans to consider delaying receiving this bivalent booster vaccine at least three months from the date of your last COVID-19 infection. Here's What You Need to Know, People With Food Allergies May Have Lower Risk of COVID-19 Infection, What To Do About a Lingering Cough After COVID, New Omicron Booster Side Effects: What to Expect From the Bivalent Vaccines. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. In April, researchers at Columbia University reported similar risks associated with Type A blood after blood-typing more than 1,500 New Yorkers and testing them for COVID-19. One study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) in April of 2021, reviewed nearly 108,000 COVID-19 cases. Yet these risks are relative, meaning people with type O blood are not immune to COVID-19. Dr. Gundry and her team continue to investigate how heart injuries caused by COVID-19 developand the impact of red blood cells on the infection. The data came from critically ill patients at two Vancouver hospitals, where 84 percent of those with blood type A or AB needed intubation and ventilation compared to just 61 percent of those with O or B type blood. The media is not telling us to strengthen our immune systems or provide us with information on how to do this. These studies only suggest an association between blood types and Covid-19 outcome, not cause and effect. Your blood type may also affect how severe the progression of COVID-19 will be. In patients with severe disease, deposition of terminal complement and microthrombosis have been observed in the lung, skin, kidney, and heart.14 Recently, we demonstrated that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein leads to amplification of the alternative pathway of complement on cell surfaces through competition with complement factor H (CFH) for binding heparan sulfate.5 Thus, in vitro, the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein can convert an inactivator surface to an activator surface on nucleated cells. The Impact of Coronavirus Blood Clots Throughout the Body. Copyright 2023 Haymarket Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved. The second study (also from October 2020) from researchers in Canada looked at data from 95 patients who were severely ill with COVID-19. Experts have stressed the rarity of such cases estimating they may occur in about one in 100,000 young adults who get the jab a risk lower than the chance of dying in a road accident in a year. One of these areas contains genes that determine blood type along with other genes that are known to be associated with immune function. Blood types are split up into four major groups, all dependent on the presence or absence of two specific antigens on the surface of the blood: A and B, according to the American Red Cross. These include soreness where the jab was given, feeling tired or achy and headaches. Common Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine side effects may include: fever, chills; redness or a hardness and swelling where the shot was given; swelling or tenderness under your arm; nausea, vomiting; feeling tired; or. The answer remains elusive but may be connected to how the virus attaches itself to your cells and how your genes influence the number and type of receptors on those cells, as well as to your overall risk of cardiovascular problems. Some previously young, healthy people who have developed COVID-19 have suffered strokes, possibly due . COVID-19 vaccine side effects Mild vaccine side effects are usually not a cause for concern, as the symptoms likely indicate the body is building protection against COVID-19. And, in fact, these researchers, like the researchers in China and New York City, found a higher risk for severe illness among individuals with Type A blood and a protective effect for Type O. Erythrocyte lysis with addition of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1. This week's topics include a nanoparticle vaccine for COVID, use of dexamethasone and surgical site infections, blood groups and disease . In the case of the two mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, well over 90% of people immunized developed the protective adaptive immune response while fewer than 50% developed any side effects, and most were mild. Patients with type O and rhesus negative (Rh-) blood groups may have a lower risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) illness, according to a study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine. Reactions occurred from the day of administration to 5 days later and lasted 1 to 6 days. The company commissioned a huge study, even recruiting people outside of their already massive 23andMe genetics database. Computed tomography with contrast showed peripancreatic fat stranding with normal lipase, concerning for possible small bowel microvascular thrombosis. Sherrill Brown, M.D., medical director of infection prevention for AltaMed Health Services, indicates that current side effect notices published by the FDA sourced data from both Pfizer and Moderna's separate clinical trials for the earlier BA. Side effects in adults 60+ after Johnson & Johnson vaccine Pain at injection site (33.3%) It may also offer a little more peace of mind if youre exposed or do get infected. If you wish to read unlimited content, please log in or register below. The analysis turned up gene variants in two regions of the human genome that were associated with severe illness and greater risk of COVID-19-related death. But an even better way to get your blood type tested is to donate blood, which, by the way, is still a safe thing to do, even during a pandemic. Typical side effects include pain at the injection site, fever, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills and diarrhoea. All the evidence we have is that there isnt a correlation, said Simon Kroll, professor of paediatrics and molecular infectious diseases at Imperial College London. aNHS preincubated with and without S1 was added to the erythrocytes. The other half is the adaptive response which learns and then remembers how to fight an infection by designing B . Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. So, keep wearing that mask, socially distancing, and washing your hands actions that are proven to reduce the risk of illness for people of every blood type. Say, for example, you and your friend who have the same susceptibility are both sharing a bus with someone who has asymptomatic COVID-19. Your friend would have a worse case of COVID-19 because they were infected with more virus. The O- blood group had a 2.1% chance of getting SARS-CoV-2 infection (95% CI, 1.8-2.3%), the lowest unadjusted probability of all blood groups. Five days after receiving the second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, he developed abdominal pain leading to evaluation in an emergency department. Remember that 70 percent of your immune system is determined by the microbiome in your gut.8 At Body Ecology, we promote the use of certain (but not all) fermented foods to not only nourish you but to nourish your gut and immune system as well. But in each instance, these have appeared soon after widespread use of the vaccine began. Using this data, 23andMe launched their COVID-19 Severity Calculator last year. Researchers think the clotting may be triggered by the high . This suggests that postvaccination hemolysis is not mediated by the direct effect of the spike protein. Please check for further notifications by email. - Full-Length Features Diet is also key, and as you are probably well aware of by now if youve been following me a healthy microbiome is a must. This study provides insight into the mechanism of pharmacodynamic breakthrough precipitated by COVID-19 vaccination in patients with PNH on ravulizumab. Vaccine side effects show up within weeks if at all. The information in this story is accurate as of press time. That evidence best comes from looking at the responses from older people and younger people because the evidence is that the vaccines are very effective right across the age range, but the side-effect profile is weighted towards younger people., How UK doctor linked rare blood-clotting to AstraZeneca Covid jab, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. 1 vaccines. "We do not expect [the public] to experience anything that would be out of the ordinary from our experience with the original vaccination.". There have been multiple studies on blood types and COVID-19 risk. While the UK has ordered 30m doses of the J&J jab, it has not yet been authorised for use by the MHRA. With more research, we may one day have a clearer understanding of the connection between COVID-19 and different blood types. Researchers have been talking about blood type and COVID-19 susceptibility for months. Lockard Conley Research Fellowship in Benign Hematology (G.F.G.). For blood types O and B, the average stay was nine days. Some of the blood clots were an unusual type of blood clot in blood vessels that drain blood from the brain called a cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST).